Precision Physics • Surface & Orbital Calculations
Surface Gravity
-
Your Weight
-
Escape Velocity
-
Fall Time
-
Impact Speed
-
Orbital Velocity
-
Orbital Period
-
Density
-
Our advanced Gravity Calculator is an essential physics tool for students, educators, engineers, and science enthusiasts exploring gravitational phenomena. Whether you're studying Newton's law of universal gravitation, calculating planetary gravity, analyzing orbital mechanics, solving physics problems, or understanding weight variations, this calculator provides precise gravitational calculations with scientific accuracy.
Calculate gravitational force between masses, acceleration due to gravity on different planets, weight on Earth and celestial bodies, escape velocity, and orbital parameters with our comprehensive physics tool. Perfect for academic learning, scientific research, engineering applications, and astronomy enthusiasts.
Uses universal gravitational constant G = 6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg² with precision to 10 decimal places. Includes corrections for Earth's shape, altitude, and latitude variations in gravity calculations.
Pre-loaded data for 20+ celestial bodies: Earth, Moon (1.62 m/s²), Mars (3.71 m/s²), Jupiter (24.79 m/s²), Sun (274 m/s²), Venus, Saturn, and major moons with accurate mass and radius values.
Step-by-step solutions showing Newton's law formula F = G(m₁m₂)/r² applications. Visual comparisons between different planets and interactive weight conversion demonstrations.
Calculate escape velocity (√(2GM/R)), orbital velocity, gravitational potential energy, tidal forces, and gravitational time dilation for advanced physics and astronomy applications.
Used by students, teachers, physicists, astronomers, and engineering professionals worldwide. No registration required - calculate gravitational forces instantly with scientific precision!
Comparative values (Earth = 9.81 m/s²): Moon: 1.62 m/s² (16.5% of Earth), Mars: 3.71 m/s² (38% of Earth), Venus: 8.87 m/s² (90%), Jupiter: 24.79 m/s² (253%), Saturn: 10.44 m/s² (106%), Sun: 274 m/s² (2,794%). A 70 kg person weighs 686 N on Earth, 113 N on Moon.
Using Newton's law: F = G × (m₁ × m₂) / r², where G = 6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg². Example: Two 1000 kg spheres 1 meter apart: F = 6.674e-11 × (1000×1000) / 1² = 0.00006674 N (very small force). Our calculator handles these calculations automatically.
Mass is the amount of matter (constant everywhere). Weight is the gravitational force (W = m × g). On Moon, g = 1.62 m/s² vs Earth's 9.81 m/s², so weight = mass × 1.62. A 70 kg person has mass 70 kg everywhere, but weight = 113 N on Moon vs 686 N on Earth.
Gravity decreases with altitude: gₕ = g₀ × (R/(R+h))², where R = Earth's radius (6371 km). At 10 km altitude: g = 9.80 m/s² (0.1% less), at 400 km (ISS): g = 8.68 m/s² (11.5% less), at 35,786 km (geostationary): g = 0.224 m/s² (97.7% less). Our calculator includes altitude adjustments.