Calculate heat transfer, work, energy, and thermodynamic properties
| Constant | Symbol | Value | Units | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Universal Gas Constant | R | 8.314 | J/mol·K | Ideal gas law constant |
| Boltzmann Constant | kB | 1.381 × 10-23 | J/K | Relates energy to temperature |
| Avogadro's Number | NA | 6.022 × 1023 | mol-1 | Particles per mole |
| Stefan-Boltzmann Constant | σ | 5.670 × 10-8 | W/m²·K⁴ | Blackbody radiation |
| Specific Heat of Water | cp | 4186 | J/kg·K | At 20°C and 1 atm |
Our free Thermodynamics Calculator helps engineering students, mechanical engineers, researchers, and scientists solve complex thermodynamic problems with precision. Whether you're analyzing heat engines, calculating energy efficiency, designing thermal systems, or studying thermodynamic cycles, this tool provides comprehensive calculations for all major thermodynamic properties and processes.
Calculate heat transfer rates, determine work done, analyze energy conversions, solve gas law problems, and optimize thermal system performance with our advanced engineering calculator.
Analyze isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric, and isochoric processes with accurate calculations for heat, work, internal energy, and enthalpy changes.
Solve ideal gas law problems, calculate compressibility factors, and analyze real gas behavior with comprehensive property tables and equations of state.
Calculate efficiency and performance for Carnot, Rankine, Brayton, Otto, and Diesel cycles with detailed process-by-process analysis.
Calculate conduction, convection, and radiation heat transfer with appropriate coefficients, areas, and temperature differences.
Used by engineering students, mechanical engineers, researchers, and thermal system designers worldwide. No registration required - start solving thermodynamics problems instantly!
The First Law (energy conservation): ΔU = Q - W. The Second Law (entropy always increases): ΔS ≥ 0. The Third Law (absolute zero unattainable). Our calculator applies these laws to calculate energy transfers, work done, efficiency limits, and system performance.
Work calculations vary by process: Isobaric: W = PΔV, Isothermal: W = nRT ln(V₂/V₁), Adiabatic: W = (P₂V₂ - P₁V₁)/(1-γ). Our calculator automatically selects the appropriate formula based on your process type and input parameters.
Cv (constant volume) measures energy required to raise temperature without volume change. Cp (constant pressure) includes work done during expansion. For ideal gases: Cp - Cv = R. Our calculator handles both with appropriate thermodynamic relationships.
Ideal gas law works well at high temperatures and low pressures. For real gases under other conditions, we use van der Waals equation, compressibility factors, or property tables to ensure accurate calculations of pressure-volume-temperature relationships.